姚启圣、施琅关系考辨——兼论二人在台湾统一中的作用

On the Relationship of YAO Qisheng and SHI Lang——The Role of Them in Taiwan Unification

摘要: 在清初统一台湾的过程中，福建总督姚启圣四荐施琅任福建水师提督，之后两人发生了“风向之争”和“专征权之争”，关系交恶。康熙帝最终下令施琅专征，姚启圣在后方负责后勤军需之供给，并继续招抚郑氏集团成员。在收复台湾后，姚启圣、施琅又异口同谏保留开发台湾。这不仅表明姚启圣和施琅都为清朝统一台湾建立了不可磨灭的功勋，而且表明二人在面临私人恩怨和国家统一大业的矛盾时，都做出了为国为民摒弃个人恩怨的正确选择，这种精神尤其值得后人学习和借鉴。

Abstract: In the process of early Qing dynasty unifying Taiwan, Fujian governor YAO Qisheng commended SHI Lang four times to hold Fujian navy division prefectly. Their relations soured because of the controversy about "wind" and "special rights" in war, Kangxi Emperor eventually ordered SHI Lang to sign, and YAO Qisheng was responsible for the logistics of military supplies, and continued to amnesty members of Zheng group. YAO Qisheng and SHI Lang both argued for keeping Taiwan in Qing dynasty. So YAO Qisheng and SHI Lang made a decision for the people to abandon the personal conflicts. This spirit is especially worthy of study and reference.