“战争灾难”视域下隋末唐初“折肢避役”现象探析——以贞观十六年应对敕令为中心

Probing into the Phenomenon of “Breaking Limbs to Avoid Military Service” in the Late Sui Dynasty and Early Tang Dynasty from the Perspective of “War Disaster”——Focusing on the Law of the Response in the 16th year of Zhenguan Period

  • 摘要: 隋末唐初战争频发,府兵中出现了“折肢避役”的“故自伤残”现象。唐太宗为了杜绝这种现象,于贞观十六年七月颁布了“今后自害之人,据法加罪,仍从赋役”的应对敕令,史家们则特意补入了“福手福足”的特殊注文,将“折肢避役”现象远推到隋炀帝时期。注文当是百卷本《唐会要》补编者王溥补入,用意在于“掩饰”贞观时期亦有府兵“折肢避役”现象。从“自害之人”的敕令到“折肢避役”的注文,再到“福手福足”的高雅代称,不仅间接地揭示了隋末唐初“战争灾难”下府兵人员不堪繁重徭役而“折肢避役”的历史现象,而且在一定程度上反映出传统时期史家们在“书写历史”时“掩饰”与“隐喻”的两难心态。

     

    Abstract: Because of the frequent occurrence of "war disaster", in the government soldiers, there appeared the phenomenon of "Breaking Limbs to Avoid Military Service", in other words, that is self-handicapped. In order to completely eradicate this phenomenon, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty issued the law that those who harm themselves in the future should be punished according to the law, and still be subject to conscripting and military service. The historians specially added the special annotation of "Blessed Hands and Feet", and pushed the phenomenon of "Breaking Limbs to Avoid Military Service" to the period of Emperor Yang in the Sui Dynasty. The annotation was added by Wang Pu to the supplementary editor of the hundred volumes of Tang Hui Yao, which was intended to cover up the phenomenon of the government soldiers in Zhenguan period. From the law of "self injurious person" to the annotation of "Breaking Limbs to Avoid Military Service", and then to the elegant name of "Blessing Hands and Feet", it not only indirectly reveals the historical face of "Breaking Limbs to Avoid Military Service" when the government soldiers could not bear the heavy conscripting under the "war disaster" in the Late Sui Dynasty and Early Tang Dynasty, but also reflects the dilemma of "concealment" and "metaphor" in "Writing History" of historians in the traditional period.

     

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