狂欢:真实抑或想象——狂欢理论的应用与反思
Carnivalization: Real or Imagined——The Application and Reflection of Carnivalization Theory
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摘要: 狂欢理论在20世纪西方文艺理论界产生重要影响,也引起我国学界的巨大共鸣。巴赫金的狂欢理论可以分为民俗、文化和生命三个层次,内部包含着人神、人群及人自身的三种分立。狂欢理论与欧陆的文化传统,特别是俄国东正教的文化传统密不可分。然而,中国文化与欧陆文化并不具有同构性。在东方语境中,不存在典型意义上的狂欢节,其文化更多地是强调融合而不是分立,所以在长远时间内呈现出"非狂欢"的特征。只有当20世纪中国社会结构出现重大转变时,中国现代文学乃至整个社会才呈现出鲜明的"狂欢化"特征,狂欢理论才找到其应用于东方语境的最有价值的空间。因此,在运用狂欢理论时,必须要注意到不同文化语境、情境乃至环境的差异,在对话中加深对不同文化形态的理解,进而为实现新的文化形态的建构提供契机。Abstract: Carnivalization theory had an important impact on the Western literature and art in the twentieth century,and also aroused enormous sympathy of our scholars.Carnivalization theory can be divided into folklore,culture and life.And it includes human god,the crowd and the own of man inself.Carnival theory has an close relationship with European cultural traditions,especially in the cultural tradition of the Russian Orthodox Church.But China does not have the typical Mardi Gras,and the culture shows..
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