试论洛克的政治自由观

On the Interpretation of Locke

  • 摘要: 在洛克的政治哲学之中,人类具有一种天然的自由或者天赋自由。"天然的"或者"天赋的"这一概念有着两层含义,二者既有区别又不相互矛盾,而每层含义都是对他的天然自由概念的证明。其中第一层含义是属于神性的自然,而另外一层含义是自然状态或者人的本性。简言之,人类的自由不仅可以在上帝那里求根溯源,而且根植于人的本性之中。因此本文从这两个方面对洛克的政治自由观进行了剖析,并进一步指出洛克建立在神性和人性维度之上的自由是一种"消极的自由"。

     

    Abstract: In Locke's political philosophy,human has a "natural" or "gifted" freedom.There are two meanings in "natural" or "gifted",which are different but not contradictory,and every dimension prove the concept of natural freedom.The first dimension of freedom is the divine nature,and the other is the state of nature or human nature.In a word,the freedom not only could be found in God,but also in the human nature.Therefore,this paper analyzes two aspects of Locke's concept of political freedom,and further pointed out that Locke's freedom built on the divine and human dimensions is a "negative liberty".

     

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