Abstract: Two faults of "the Great Leap Forward" and "Great Cultural Revolution" took place in China from 50 s mid-term to 70 s mid-term in 20th century,which caused Chinese politics and economy fall into the crisis.This kind of crisis was the socialism institutional crisis,the crisis brought the serious results and China paid the heavy price for the crisis.At the same time,the crisis has exposed the strong maladies of the traditional socialism institutions and impels us examine the traditional socialism development ...