论明代商人对皇木的采办

On Ming Dynasty Businessman’s Purchasing and Cutting the Timber of the Imperial Family

摘要: 皇木采办是明代社会的重要内容,商人是明代皇木采办的重要力量。商人对皇木的采办开始于正德年间。商办采木出现的主要原因有补救官办采木的弊端,繁荣的市场为商办采木准备了市场条件等。商人从官府领取一定的经费后自行招募人力,进行采办。采木过程包括勘查和砍伐。由于采木地区的恶劣条件以及商办采木本身的弊端使得商办采木没有完全达到预期目的。商办采木实质上是一种加于商人的封建徭役。它给当时的社会和生态环境都带来了危害。

Abstract: Purchasing and cutting the timber of the imperial family timber is an important part in the history of Ming Dynasty,and the businessman is the important force for purchasing and cutting the timber.This phenomenon appeared during the period of Zhengde.The reason of its appearance is that it can remedy official cutting shortcoming and timber merchants had the capacity to do it.The process of purchasing and cutting included scouting and chopping.For a variety of reasons,it didn't come up to expected goal.In fa...