评历代文论家关于“文”“气”的论述

A Summary of the Remarks about "Wen"(文)"Qi"(气) of the Critics in Each Dynasty

摘要: 历代文论家对“文”“论”做了论述。孟子“养气说”的“浩然之气”是从伦理、道德等精神方面而言的。曹丕的“文以气为主”说,是把“气”区分为“清”“浊”二体。刘勰从他的《文心雕龙》中的《养气》、《风骨》、《神思》、《体性》、《明诗》、《隐秀》等篇里“气”的基本含义中,引伸出“养气”、“志气”、“齐气”、“逸气”、“异气”、“清气”、“秀气”等词义。苏辙认为文章的气势在于作者后天的修养等等。

Abstract: When he says "noble spirit" in his "Remarks about how to cultivate spirit",MENG Zi is talking about "Qi"(气) from the spiritual aspects such as ethics and morality.CAO Pi divides "Qi"(气)into two types,that is,"clear" and "muddy",when he puts forward the idea that "the quality of an article depends on its style".By analyzing the basic implications of"Qi"(气) used in the articles of his Wenxindiaolong,LIU Xie draws the meanings of the following expressions "foster the spirit of nobility","ambition","calm down",...