Abstract: During the Chinese People' s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Marxist historians such as Guo Moruo, Jian Bozan, Fan Wenlan, Lv Zhenyu, Yin Da, and Hou Wailu, guided by the materialist conception of history, combined theory with literature and cultural relics, and applied the theories of social form, matriarchal society and class struggle to study the Yanhuang culture, explore the origin of Chinese civilization, seek the Chinese nation and promote the national spirit. He made special contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the development of Chinese historiography. This study promoted the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, contributed to the establishment of Yanhuang culture by the CPC as that of the Chinese nation, of the people, and of creating civilization, and made academic preparations for the specialization and discipline of the study of Yanhuang culture.