中华文明探源的学科化途径——从中国新先秦史到炎黄学
The Disciplinary Approach to Tracing the Origins of Chinese Civilization——From the New Pre-Qin History of China to Yanhuang Studies
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摘要: 中华文明起源、形成与早期发展的综合研究,始于20世纪二三十年代,是由多学科共同参与的中国古史重建。至80年代,中国文明的起源成为中国考古学和古史学讨论的热门论题后,1994年张光直建议重新结构先秦史,创造“中国新先秦史”新学科,1998年李学勤提出中国古代文明研究应当作为一个特殊的学科看待,通过建立“中国古代文明”学科,重新估价中国古代文明,2017年信阳师范学院在全国率先设立“炎黄学”学科,以炎黄文化学科化,推动中华文明起源研究走向深入,从而形成中华文明探源的学科化途径。学科化途径与“夏商周断代工程”“中华文明探源工程”等国家工程一样,在研究范围、资料运用、研究方法、研究目标等方面是一致的。其中,“炎黄学”学科从根本上解决了中华文明起源研究的学科归属问题,成为中国特色哲学社会科学的交叉学科和标识性概念。Abstract: The comprehensive study of the origins, formation, and early development of Chinese civilization began in the 1920s and 1930s with the multidisciplinary reconstruction of ancient Chinese history. This academic tradition continued into the 1980s, when the origins of Chinese civilization became a hot topic in Chinese archaeology and ancient history. In 1994, Zhang Guangzhi proposed restructuring the pre-Qin history of China and creating the discipline of New Pre-Qin History of China. In 1998, Li Xueqin suggested that the study of ancient Chinese civilization should be regarded as a distinct discipline. By establishing the discipline of Ancient Chinese Civilization, a re-evaluation of ancient Chinese civilization was advocated. In 2017, Xinyang Normal University took the lead in establishing the discipline of Yanhuang Studies nationwide, promoting the in-depth study of the origins of Chinese civilization through the disciplinization of Yanhuang culture. This formed a disciplinary approach to tracing the origins of Chinese civilization. The disciplinization of tracing the origins of Chinese civilization aligns with national projects such as Chronology of the Xia-Shang-Zhou Periods and Origins of Chinese Civilization Project in terms of research scope, data utilization, methods, and research objectives. Among these, the discipline of Yanhuang Studies has fundamentally resolved the issue of disciplinary affiliation in the study of the origin of Chinese civilization, becoming a new discipline and a distinctive concept in the field of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics.
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