教师学科教学知识演变:内涵、特征及趋势

The Evolution of Teacher's Subject Teaching Knowledge: Connotation, Characteristics, and Trends

  • 摘要: 自舒尔曼提出学科教学知识(PCK)概念伊始,教师学科教学知识的演化已经走过三十余年。审视过去,学科教学知识结构中新元素的融入、学科化的探讨、层级化的审视以及智能化的思虑,促使了教师学科教学知识发展由点到面、由表及里、由浅至深。当前教师学科教学知识演化存在四种发展趋势:教师学科教学知识呈现博约合一的融合状态、教师师学科教学知识关注教育实践的相互嵌合、教师师学科教学知识重视教育情境的内生反思、教师师学科教学知识存在发展革新的时代审视。这些趋势促使了教师师学科教学知识研究国际化、境脉化、多样化的发展。今后,教师学科教学知识需要基于数据技术驱动做出变革:使用数据密集型科学范式革新教师的知识结构、在教师原有学科教学知识体系中嵌合数据素养、关注教育实践中数据驱动的教师反思和规律总结,以此促进智能教育时代教师的专业发展。

     

    Abstract: From 1986 to 2023, since the beginning of Shulman's Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) concept, the evolution of teachers' PCK has gone through more than 30 years. Looking at the past, the integration of new elements in the structure of PCK, the discussion of the subject, the examination of hierarchy and the thinking of intelligence have promoted the development of teachers' PCK from the point to the surface, from the surface to the inside, from shallow to deep. On the basis of systematically explaining the research of PCK, the research points out that there are four changing trends in the evolution of teachers' PCK knowledge: teachers' knowledge presents a state of integration, teachers' knowledge pays attention to the intermingling of educational practice, teachers' knowledge attaches importance to the endogenous reflection of educational situation, and teachers' knowledge exists in the era of development and innovation, which promotes the internationalization, contextualization and diversified development of teachers' knowledge research. The research concludes that teachers' PCK needs to be changed based on data-driven, and puts forward three suggestions: use data-intensive science paradigm to innovate teachers' knowledge structure, integrate data literacy into teachers' original teaching knowledge system, and pay attention to teachers' data-driven reflection and rule summary in educational practice, so as to promote teachers' professional development in the era of intelligent education.

     

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