Abstract: The growth mental model of university teachers is composed of such factors as firm ideals and beliefs, active and open thinking modes, and integrated professional and ideological knowledge and experience. When the growth mental model is absent, the ideological and political curriculum construction will be alienated into behaviors such as “disguised”, “mechanical” and “repulsive”. The mechanism of the growth mental model is manifested in its constituent elements, which affects the ideological and political identity and self-efficacy of the curriculum, and is organically integrated into the goal establishment, ability development, and activity implementation of the ideological and political construction of the curriculum, forming an internal driving force, and jointly promoting the effective development of the ideological and political construction of the curriculum. The interactive influence of the ideological and political identity and self-efficacy of the curriculum jointly plays a bridging role in this process. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the development of growth mental models for university teachers, strengthen ideological and political identity in the curriculum, enhance their self-efficacy level, and continuously and effectively promote the ideological and political construction of the curriculum.