Abstract: Based on the data of the Yellow River basin from 2010 to 2020, this paper uses the Super-SBM model to measure the green development efficiency of urban agglomeration with unexpected output, and uses the Malmquist-luenberger index to decompose the green development efficiency. The results show that: the green development of urban agglomerations is efficient, and the overall fluctuated; The spatial difference is small, and the overall performance of Guanzhong Plain is better; According to the Malmquist-luenberger index, technological progress and technological efficiency improvement are not synchronized in urban agglomeration. It is concluded that the urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin should optimize resources and factor input, and promote the green development of the whole Yellow River basin through the driving and radiating role of core cities.