Abstract: In the process of two-way opening up between urban and rural areas, the rural economic environment has been reshaped due to profound changes in economic structure, and has had a profound impact on the high-quality development of the rural economy. In the context of free flow of urban-rural factors, evolution of rural industrial structure, restructuring of agricultural management system, reform of collective property rights system, and the spread of technological revolution in rural areas, it is vital to keep vigilant against the risk of market opportunity misjudgment, homogeneous competition in industries, ecological environment overdraft, and infringement of residents' interests, and widening income inequality relatively represented by blind return of migrant workers to start businesses, similarity in rural industrial layout, excessive development of local resources, abnormal transfer of agricultural land rights and powers, and digital dividends. Based on this, it is necessary to design a comprehensive safety guarantee mechanism for high-quality development of the rural economy with the goal of promoting high-quality development and high-level safety, in order to ensure the stable and long-term development of rural revitalization.