中国刑事印证理论的澄清与证立

Clarification and Certification of Chinese Criminal Corroboration Theory

  • 摘要: 印证是相互协同的证据之间多种关系的杂糅和笼统概括,其功能已经从最初的证据分析方法提升为一种强制性的证据规范,印证本身并不是导致冤假错案发生的原因。在中国“结论具有唯一性”的刑事证明标准之下,印证是实现此标准的必要条件。就印证与自由心证的关系而言,其是对自由心证的进一步限制和补充。在规范层面中国的刑事证明模式可以标识为“实质的印证”模式,而在实践层面可以将其理解为“形式的印证+实质的心证”模式。中国刑事证明模式未来的发展方向,应当是坚持印证主导和加强心证功能的两者兼顾。

     

    Abstract: Corroboration is a kind of miscellaneous and generalization of various relations among mutual cooperative evidences, and its function has been upgraded from the method of evidence analysis to a mandatory evidence specification, verification itself is not the reason for the occurrence of unjust, false and misjudged cases. Under criminal proof standard of “conclusion being unique”in China, confirmation is a necessary condition to realize this standard. In terms of the relationship between confirmation and free evaluation of evidence, it is a further restriction and supplement to free evaluation of evidence. On the normative level, China's criminal proof mode can be identified as “substantial corroboration”mode, while in practical, it can be treated as the mode of “form corroboration + substantive moral evidence”. So the future reform direction of China's criminal proof mode should be to adhere to the dominant position of corroboration and strengthen the function of free proof at the same time.

     

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