Abstract: The core of modernization is the modernization of people. The process of modernization of western capitalism shows the basic logic that capital controls everything, which is filled with the disregard of human nature and value, thus causing the dilemma of human modernization. This capitalist model, which is restricted by the modernization of things and institutions, gives a warning to the modernization of Chinese style, and promotes the modernization of Chinese style to go beyond the modernization predicament of Westerners, and successfully embark on a road of modernization of Chinese style which takes the modernization of people as the core. Guided by Marxism as the theory, this road takes the traditional people-oriented thought as the cultural foundation, and the historical mission of the proletarian Party as the goal. It goes beyond the western individualism tendency, exclusive expansion and the value of human modernization with the capital as the center. Based on the current social principal contradictions, it provides the necessary conditions for human modernization in the material and spiritual levels, the ecological construction and the external relations. It has opened up a model of Chinese modernization that is characterized as people-centered and the all-round development of human value.