Abstract: Rural primary education is related to the overall development of school-age children in rural areas, and its impact is large and far-reaching. In the current context of vigorously promoting rural revitalization, the fairness of resource allocation in rural primary schools has become an important factor affecting the improvement of rural education quality. From the perspective of equity and balanced development of urban and rural education, we can find some unbalanced problems in the allocation of resources in rural primary schools by analyzing the material resources, teacher resources, curriculum resources and other aspects of rural primary schools. On this basis, we should strengthen financial support for rural primary schools, optimize the allocation of funds for rural primary schools, and constantly improve the material level of rural primary school development, pay attention to the training of rural primary school teachers and improve the quality of rural primary school teachers, and accelerate the construction of curriculum resources in rural primary schools by information technology.