Abstract: As one of the writers who attach importance to readers' acceptance in the history of modern Chinese literature, Lu Xun's novels to a large extent build the survival picture of modern local China based on urban readers, And in the face of these readers, Lu Xun's "enlightenment" is closer to Kant's enlightenment of "having the courage to use your own intellect". It should be said that the novel mode of "see/ be seen" and "leave-return-leave again" widely used in Lu Xun's novels is more suitable for readers to observe reality and reflect on their own needs. Moreover, Lu Xun's novels pay attention to the horizon of reading expectations of different readers through the narrator's negation of the characters and the implied author's negation of the narrator. Between "caring for readers" and "expressing oneself", Lu Xun's novels are connected with the most profound anxiety and thinking of the May 4th generation, conveying the common emotional markers and psychological atmosphere of this era.