炎黄文化与礼之三本

Yanhuang Culture and the Roots of Ritual

  • 摘要: “古代国家”以礼为干,是“上事天,下事地,尊先祖而隆君师”的文明实体。“事天”突出的是人对天的依赖关系,社会组织属于“古文化”,表现为以天为王的“宇文国”。“事地”突出的是人对土地与财富的依赖关系,社会组织属于以土地为域的“方国”,表现为“社稷国”。“尊先祖”突出的是人对祖宗的依赖关系,社会组织是以祖为尊的“王国”,表现为“宗庙国”。社会组织进入“宗庙国”阶段,在礼制上就表现为宇文、社稷、宗庙三位一体的“古代国家”。

     

    Abstract: The ancient state was based on ritual, which was a civilized entity that served heaven and earth, respecting ancestors and revitalize the monarch. What stands out from serving heaven is the dependence of man on the heaven, and the social organization belongs to the ancient culture, which is expressed as the Yuwen Country with regard sky as the king. What stands out from serving earth is the dependence of man on the land and wealth, and social organizations belong to the Square Country with regard as the domain, which is expressed as Sheji Country. Respecting the ancestors highlights the dependence of people on their ancestors. The social organization is a country which ancestors are respected, and it is expressed as Zongmiao Country. The social organization entered the stage of the Zongmiao Country, and in the ritual system, it was manifested as the ancient state of the trinity of Yuwen, Sheji and Zongmiao.

     

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