Abstract: Language and culture revival and inheritance in ethnic minority areas are indispensable to rural revitalization. Adopting a vocabulary test of Dong language, a questionnaire of language use and semi-structural interviews, this study takes junior middle school students of Dong ethnic minority from Tongdao County in Hunan Province as subjects, and probes into lexical attrition of Dong language in them. The results show that the junior middle school students have apparently differentiated attrition of lexical attrition, the lexical attrition degree for students of Grade One is the lowest, while lexical attrition for students of Grade Three is the most serious. The primary factors that affect lexical attrition of Dong language are the amount of exposure to Dong language, attitude towards Dong language and time at onset of Dong language attrition. The findings obtained from the study shed light on a research paradigm of ethnic minority language attrition, and can provide reference to the revitalization and inheritance of rural ethnic minority languages.