Abstract: Cheng Fangwu's career in the first half of his life can be summed up by two Key words:literature and revolution. As an important representative of China's New Culture Movement and one of the founders of the famous literary society-the Creation Society, Cheng Fangwu once wrote many literary critical articles and some literary works, which all had an important influence. As a loyal communist fighter, engaged in the revolution and education for a long time, he became a famous educator and proletarian revolutionary. In literature, he always showed his yearning for revolution, while in revolution, he always showed his attachment to literature. The identity of Cheng Fangwu changed constantly throughout his life:from a science geek to a youth of literature and art, from a literary revolutionary to a revolutionary writer, from a revolutionary to an educator. His thoughts and behavior were also constantly changing in order to save the nation via science, literature and revolution. Although there was often a rupture between theory and practice, Cheng Fangwu had been moving between revolution and literature in the first half of his life, attempting to narrow the gap.