Abstract: Based on the questionnaire survey data of 1294 new professional farmers who participated in the "One College Student in One Village" project in Jiangxi Province, this paper uses the measurement methods such as orientation score matching estimation method and intermediary effect analysis method to test the influence of skill training on the income level of new professional farmers and its possible mechanism. The results show that skill training can significantly improve the income level of new professional farmers. Group difference analysis shows that skill training can improve the income level of new professional farmers who have not experienced village cadres; Skills training can improve the income level of non-farm households and non-farm households. The intermediary effect test shows that social capital can strengthen the influence of skill training on the income level of new professional farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in the top-level design of skills training, increase the financial support for skills training and accurately locate the subject and content of skills training.