Abstract: By means of questionnaire and interview, a survey and statistics are made in this paper on 10 aspects of the information and the main reasons for the resignation of doctors in X University in Henan Province during the 13th Five-Year period, namely:gender, native place, age, school age, marital status, subject category, professional title, departure direction, learning experience of the university and doctor oriented training experience. Then, the main explanatory variables are defined, and a binary selection model is constructed for empirical test. The conclusions are as follows:(1) On the whole, there is a "surplus" between the number of employees and that of employees who resign. Native place, school age, learning experience of the university and separation of husband and wife are four important variables that affect their resignation, among which the influence of native place and learning experience of the university is more significant than the other two; (2) Scientific research performance is not the fundamental reason for their resignation. There is a substitution between the two external factors which affect their resignation, namely, whether to offer a job to their spouses or not and the expected annual net income, and the strength of the substitution depends on their personal preference.