论毛泽东《矛盾论》中的“决定论”思想

About the Thoughts of Determinism in MAO Zedong's On Contradiction

  • 摘要: 对“谁是决定的东西”的确认是《矛盾论》普遍与特殊相结合思想的集中体现。“决定的东西”是指役使被决定者的序参量,它是辩证的,也是历史—实践的。在量的范畴中,“决定的东西”在多数性(许多的矛盾)与单一性(主要矛盾)的环形结构中,是役使多数矛盾的主要矛盾。在质的范畴中,“决定的东西”在矛盾的主要方面与次要方面的环形结构中,“面对实际”其是“矛盾决定”的起点与归宿,而贯穿事物发展始终的则是次要方面中的“尚未存在的本体”,它是对现实的否定,是“希望”与“追求”。毛泽东的哲学名篇《矛盾论》的主张是,外部必然性是引起变化的不以人的意志为转移的客观现实,但是事物究竟朝着什么方向发展则是由事物自我决定的。在自我决定这个序参量的役使下,所有的外部因素联合起来形成了“意义的创生”的行动。“决定的东西”主要在系统内部,是矛盾的主要力量,是事物的主要方面。

     

    Abstract: It is true that "what is the determined thing" is the embodiment of the general and special combination of ideas. The "determined thing" is the "order parameter", which is dialectical and historical practice. In the category of quantity, the "determined thing" is in the ring structure of majority (many contradictions) and the single (major contradiction), which makes most of the main contradictions. In the category of quality, the "determined thing" is in the circular structure of the main side and the second important side of contradiction. "In the face of reality" is actually the beginning and end of the "contradiction decision", and the development of the whole thing is the "inexistent body" of the second important side of contradiction, which is the negative of reality, signifying "hope" and "pursuit". The argument of On Contradiction is that external inevitability is the objective reality that causes change not to be transferred by the will of man, but it is determined by the fact that things are developing in any direction. In the process of self-determination of this order parameter, all external factors unite to form "meaningful creation" actions. The "determined thing" is the main force in the system, the main force of contradiction, and the main important side of things.

     

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