Abstract: It is through the discussion of social poverty that Marx begins to re-examine the basic stand and logic of Hegel's political philosophy. Marx advocated to find out the causes and solutions of poverty problem in practice, instead of "treating poverty problem as a rational deduction of each link of logical category" like Hegel. It can be said that Marx's anti-poverty thought runs through the texts of different periods and is the core issue of his political philosophy, which also promotes the whole practice of Marx's philosophy. Marx's anti-poverty thought is the theoretical basis for the CPC to carry out the work of poverty alleviation and provides practical guidance for the work of poverty alleviation in China in the new era.