The Influence Mechanism and Path Choice of Cooperative Organizations Participating in Rural Governance from the Perspective of Multiple Co-governance
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摘要: 新时代乡村治理正处于“解构—重建”的多重挑战与结构性矛盾之中,客观上要求政府与社会构建“多元共治”新范式。文章基于组织行为学、建构主义理论和经济社会学的综合性理论视角,探析农民合作社参与乡村治理带来的影响,发现新时代乡村治理正经历一系列结构性变化:民主政治——由认识关联走向利益趋同;经济发展——由小农经济转向市场经济;文化认同——乡土文化日渐解体,“乡风文明”正在重塑;治理格局——治理主体多元化与差序化共存。农民合作社与乡村自身不仅在治理特征、治理手段和治理目标上具有高度契合性,而且农村合作社在盘活生产要素——推动农业产业化、盘活参与动力——重建乡村治理权威、盘活治理资源——重构多元共治模式等方面具有特殊的作用,为乡村治理增添了新的活力。针对“多元共治”模式的现实约束,通过以人为本——夯实治理基础,主体建设——提高治理能力,赋权组织——寻求法律制度支撑,外部资源——拓展发展空间等策略,建构合作社参与乡村治理形成有效的“多元共治”格局助推乡村振兴战略下“治理有效”目标的顺利实现。Abstract: The 19th CPC National Congress put forward the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, and the rural governance mechanism put forward new requirements. Rural governance is an important link in solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. How to innovate the system and mechanism of rural governance, continuously improve the state of rural governance and realize effective governance has become an important and urgent task. The existing rural governance is in the midst of multiple dilemmas and structural contradictions of deconstruction-reconstruction, which objectively requires the establishment of a multi-governance paradigm of co-management and co-governance among the government, leading enterprises, farmers and the society. In the countryside with a tradition of "small-scale peasant" economy, the construction of farmers' organization and agricultural cooperation should be strengthened. In the new era, rural cooperatives have become an effective carrier for coordinating the rural "two committees" to participate in co-governance. They have brought about a series of new structural changes in rural governance in the fields of economic development, democracy, cultural identity and public service construction, and contributed to the internal connection and organic combination between cooperatives and rural governance under the new situation. Multiple governance is the core of innovation of grassroots government, activate the rural folk strength, absorbing rural civil organizations to participate in governance, especially in the cooperatives under the action of natural factors of production, revitalize the participation motivation, activate resources for governance, overcome monomer for promoting the development of the rural public utilities. Meanwhile, it still need to ram the underlying logic, improve the management ability, empower realistic constraints such as organization and external resource to study and put forward "multiple work" perfect path, building rural governance innovation mechanism, aimed at the rural governance under the action of the cooperative study provides a new analysis framework and ideas. Under the rural revitalization strategy, "effective governance" can be realized smoothly.
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