Abstract: In the early 1980s, literary newspapers and periodicals published a number of novels that closely followed social reality and paid attention to social life, marriage, work and other aspects, thereby discussing relevant social issues in the new era. When the novel expresses the hot spot of the era, it uses the character's inner heart as a fulcrum to construct a unique aesthetic connotation. At the same time, due to many reasons such as the position of newspapers and magazines, the scope of discourse, and the commentators concerned with the phenomenon of problem novels, the discussion did not deepen, and it also caused the literary history to ignore the problem novels. This study not only makes up for the phenomenon of "absence" in the literature of the new era, but also helps to understand the essence of the construction of intellectual identity under the new historical conditions.