Abstract: The construction of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics highlights the institutional ethical pursuit of not only development for the people but also fairness and justice. In the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, there is not only scientific criticism about the ecological crisis, but also ethical construction for a better world of ecological civilization. It is reflected as follows:adhering to Marxist ecological world view, transcending capitalist anti-ecological institutional nature, transforming the ecological wisdom of traditional culture and shaping the national image of ecological power. It requires joint efforts to promote the institutional ethics from externalization to practice in the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, which includes the leadership of the Party, green development, ecological culture and international cooperation.