The Meaning and Religious Implication about Witchcraft Language Pen (喷) in Mawangdui Silk Texts Wushier Bingfang

Mawangdui Silk Texts Wushier Bingfang (52 Therapies) recorded the witchcraft therapies in the Chinese ancient time, among which, the therapy about Pen (喷) is very important. However, the character of Pen (喷) also usually emerges in the witchcraft language. Apparently, it is not easy to understand either in sentence meaning or grammar. If based on the later materials about the witchcraft therapies, we can find that Pen (喷) and Penzhe (喷者) are words to identify the wizards, and these words not always have the specific meanings.