方旭东. 农民工的生存伦理与道德主体构型[J]. 《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》, 2020, 40(2): 18-26. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0964.2020.02.004
引用本文: 方旭东. 农民工的生存伦理与道德主体构型[J]. 《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》, 2020, 40(2): 18-26. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0964.2020.02.004
FANG Xudong. The Existence Ethics and Moral Subject Configuration of Peasant Workers[J]. The journal of xinyang normal university (philosophy and social science edition), 2020, 40(2): 18-26. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0964.2020.02.004
Citation: FANG Xudong. The Existence Ethics and Moral Subject Configuration of Peasant Workers[J]. The journal of xinyang normal university (philosophy and social science edition), 2020, 40(2): 18-26. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0964.2020.02.004

农民工的生存伦理与道德主体构型

The Existence Ethics and Moral Subject Configuration of Peasant Workers

  • 摘要: 从生存伦理与道德主体的视角看,拥有同一身体的农民与农民工因社会身份的不同,在农村与城市这两种不同日常生活世界中遵循着不同的行动逻辑与道德准则。政治、生活、社会、道德是一个人身份的构型纬度,一旦离开对农民身份有着系统性约定的乡村场域,传统型农民不再拥有农民身份;大众传媒惯用的农民工话语也是一个消解农民的过程。农民工身份是都市社会底层的一种新型社交类型,在此社交类型中农民工的道德主体有着原生型、再生型、次生型三种构型。激活作为“农民”的“农民工”内心深处认同的、与社会公德相契合的生存伦理的引领力,比抽象的“人的城镇化”对社会公德的建构更加具有现实意义。城镇化和乡村振兴的主体是农民还是农民工,不同的认识以及由此建构的不同社会治理方式对未来都市与乡村的道德构型会产生不同的影响。

     

    Abstract: From the perspective of life ethics and moral subjects, this paper makes a comparative analysis of micro-ethnography between peasants and migrant workers. The article holds that peasants and migrant workers with the same body have dual moral subjects. They follow different logic of action and moral norms in the two different daily life worlds of rural and urban areas. From this point of view, the relationship between the return of migrant workers and rural revitalization is critically considered.Identity is composed of politics, life, society and morality. Once the traditional peasants leave the rural area which has a systematic agreement on peasant identity, they no longer have peasant identity. The discourse of peasant workers in mass media is also a process of deconstructing peasants. Being migrant workers is a new type of social intercourse at the bottom of urban society. In such a social intercourse type, the moral subject of migrant worker has three configurations: original type, regenerative type and secondary type. Peasant workers or peasant urbanization, rural revitalization, different understanding and social governance will have different impact on the future urban and rural moral configuration.

     

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